A Practical Guide to Textile Testing

 A Practical Guide to Textile Testing 

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[14 A Practical Guide to Textile Testing ]

Số trang: 133 trang
Ngôn ngữ: English

discusses the physical and chemical test procedures used in the testing of textiles at different stages, namely, fibre, yarn, fabric and garment. It serves as a guide for young learners within the textile industry. In addition to the testing procedures, information related to textile testing is included for better understanding.

This book serves as a practical guide for use in textile testing laboratories and also provides information regarding laboratory accreditation and the international standard ISO/IEC 17025.

Table of Contents

• Introduction
• Fibre Testing
• Yarn Testing
• Fabric Testing
• Testing for Export Market
• Accreditation of Textile Testing Laboratory.





Contents

1. Introduction 1



1.1 Testing Methods (Sources of Testing Standards) 1

1.2 Selection of Samples for Testing 2

1.3 Sampling for Textile Testing 3

1.4 Fibre Sampling Techniques 3

1.5 Yarn Sampling Techniques 7

1.6 Fabric Sampling Techniques 8

1.7 Standard Atmosphere for Testing 8

1.8 Measurement of Moisture Regain 11

�. Fibre Testing 15



2.1 Fibre Length Measurement 15

2.2 Fibre Fineness Measurement 18

2.3 Cotton Maturity Measurement 21

2.4 Fibre Strength Measurement 23

2.5 Determination of Trash and Lint in Cotton 28

2.6 High Volume Instrument (HVI) 31

1. Yarn Testing 34



3.1 Yarn Numbering System (Count) 34

3.2 Determination of Yarn Count 37

3.3 Determination of Yarn Strength 38

3.4 Determination of Yarn Twist 43

3.5 Measurement of Yarn Evenness 49

3.6 Yarn Faults Classification 55

3.7 Measurement of Yarn Hairiness 57

1. Fabric Testing 60



4.1 Fabric Particulars - length, width, crimp, weight, cover factor 60

4.2 Fabric Strength - tensile strength tester, tearing strength tester, hydraulic bursting strength tester 65



4.3 Fabric Abrasion - Martindale abrasion tester 70

4.4 Fabric Pilling - I C I Pill box tester 72

4.5 Fabric drape –Measurement by Drape meter 73

4.6 Fabric Stiffness - Shirley stiffness tester 75

4.7 Fabric crease resistance and crease recovery-measurement of crease recovery 77

4.8 Fabric permeability - Shirley air permeability tester, fabric permeability to water, Bundesmann tester 78

4.9 Colour Fastness to Crocking, Perspiration, Sunlight, Laundering, Dry Cleaning, Hot Pressing 82

4.10 Colour Matching - Colour Matching Cabinets, Computer Colour Matching System 94

4.11 Objective Evaluation of Fabric Hand by KES and FAST Systems 98

1. Testing for Export Market 105



5.1 Testing based on customer requirements 105

5.2 Textile Safety Testing 107

5.3 Chemicals – heavy metals, phthalates, 108

5.4 Flammability – textiles, general wearing apparel and children’s sleepwear 110

5.5 Labelling – fibre, fur and faux fur, care instructions, stuffed articles (law labels) and country of origin 113

5.6 Mechanical hazards – drawstrings, small parts and sharp points and edges 114

1. Accreditation of Textile Testing Laboratory 118



6.1 Terminology 118

6.2 ISO/IEC 17025 118

6.3 National Accreditation Board for Laboratories (NABL) 120